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| Triple tibial osteotomy ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Triple tibial osteotomy
The triple tibial osteotomy (TTO) is a surgical procedure used to treat dogs that have completely or partially ruptured the cranial cruciate ligament in one or both of their stifles. The cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) is a ligament connecting the femur with the tibia, which functions to stabilise the canine stifle joint from the forces put on it during exercise and weight bearing.
==Stifle joint in dog==
The stifle joint relies solely upon soft tissue structures for its integrity; thus it differs from an elbow or a hip joint that have a lot of parallel joint surfaces and an interlocking structure to the joints that give them inherent stability and an almost vacuum effect that keeps the joint surfaces together.
Along with the CrCL, the other soft tissue structures stabilising the stifle are the caudal cruciate ligament and the two menisci, all of which are intra-articular (within the joint), and the two collateral ligaments (external to the joint). Muscle tone through the quadriceps, hamstring and calf muscles play a significant role in the forces acting on the joint.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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